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Fertilizers play an important role in increasing crop productivity and soil fertility. Farmers can make their agricultural operations more effective by using different types of fertilizers such as super phosphate, muriate of potash (MOP), zinc sulphate, NPK, DAP and urea. These fertilizers have different characteristics, which help in their identification whether they are original and use.

Super Phosphate:

• Soft granular, brown, black or hazelnut coloured.
• Breaks when broken with nails.
• Remains intact when heated.
• Also available in brownish muddy coloured powder.
• The powder absorbs moisture and becomes wet when kept in the open.

Muriate of Potash (MOP):

• White like ground salt, red brick powder or a mixture of white salt and red chilli powder.
• The particles do not stick together when wet.
• When dissolved in water, the red part of potash floats on top.

Zinc sulphate:

• Light white, yellow and brown in size.
• When mixed in DAP solution, it forms a thick clotted residue.

NPK:

• When heated on low flame, it swells and grows like lye.
• When kept in the open, it absorbs the moisture of the atmosphere and becomes wet.

DAP:

• Hard granular, brown, black or hazelnut in colour.
• It does not break easily when broken with nails.
• It becomes slightly wet when blown on filling it in the fist.
• When lime is mixed in the granules and rubbed, it gives a pungent smell.
• When heated on low flame, the granules swell and grow.

Urea:

• White, shiny and round in shape.
• Soluble in water, the solution feels cold when touched.
• It becomes slightly wet when placed on the palm and blown with a closed fist.
• It absorbs moisture and becomes wet when kept in the open.
• It melts when put on a hot pan and when heated on high flame, it gives out a pungent smell of ammonia.